Social Impacts of the Industrial Revolution Essay Example

Social Impacts of the Industrial Revolution Essay The most intriguing to me and the most important to the society, as many historians agree was the social impact of Industrial Revolution in the nineteenth century. In fact, some historians like Rondo Cameron and R. M. Hartwell have ended up debating whether Industrial Revolution was an appropriate term for this revolution. Harold Perkin is another historian who shares the same viewpoint about Industrial Revolution as Cameron and Hartwell. Perkin says that â€Å"the Industrial Revolution was no mere sequence of changes in industrial techniques and production, but a social revolution with social causes and a social process as well as profound social effects† in the preface of his book, The Origins of Modern English Society. This is one of the two books I’ll be using as reference for the purpose of this essay. The other book is titled, The Industrial Revolution in World History and is written by Peter Stearns. The aspects of social impacts of Industrial Revolution that I will examine in this essay include changes in standards of living and family structure. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Impacts of the Industrial Revolution specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Social Impacts of the Industrial Revolution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Social Impacts of the Industrial Revolution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Both the aforementioned books discuss these topics under a separate chapter. Perkin’s book solely discusses the Britain Industrial Revolution with facts and cited sources in the form of notes at the bottom of almost every page. It discusses a single aspect under a topic and how it progressed over a period of time. On the other hand, Stearns’ book is an account of all the processes that took place during Industrial Revolution internationally. The book is more of a social account of industrialization while Perkin gives us a detailed economic analysis. Stearns cites no sources and doesn’t use any figures to convince the reader but does a very good job in writing an easy to read book. Harold Perkin jumps straight to the issue of the changing living standards and realizes that it is a controversial issue in the sense that the short run changes in living standards might have had a downward trend. However, the long term trend was undoubtedly an upward one. He starts off by considering changes in income levels of the working class as income is a fairly good predictor of living standard. The two types of incomes mentioned are real incomes of the workers and the combined national income of Britain. According to Perkin, real incomes of most of the people including middle class, upper class and some sections of the working class went up â€Å"by a multiple rather than a fraction† (Perkin 2002, 134) which contributed to a huge increase in national income throughout most parts of the nineteenth century. Perkin supports his claim by giving figures on nominal wages (money) and real wages between the period of 1790 and 1850. To further ensure the accuracy of his claim he uses real wage data collected by various economists and statisticians rather than a single source. The data confirms that real wages for workers did decline in several periods but the long term effect stays positive. The likeliest explanation for the decline in real wages is the increase in labor supply due to population growth and urbanization. In the early parts of Industrial Revolution the rich were the biggest beneficiaries. These were the factory owners who had discovered a whole new technology to aid their production or the entrepreneur for these factories. Their real wage increase exceeded the increase in real national product receiving more than their share of the national product. â€Å"Arkwright (leading entrepreneur of Industrial Revolution) made half a million pounds in less than two decades† (Perkin 2002, 140). Adding to this, the new price structure of commodities based on the new patterns of production and demand also favored the rich. Food prices were higher as compared to the new manufactured goods. So, the poor who would spend all their income on food were gaining less than the rich who were the first ones to have the luxuries of industrialization, the new consumer goods. The middle class including skilled factory workers and merchants followed the rich when it comes to enjoying the new consumer goods and the benefits of industrialism. These skilled factory workers are also referred to as the labor aristocracy. They were primarily craftsmen like printers, joiners, cabinet makers, cutlers, blacksmiths, wheelwrights and the building crafts. A number of new occupations were added to the list later such as iron puddlers, fine spinners and the railway engine drivers. Their wages also kept up with the economic growth giving them an opportunity to improve their living standards considerably. They could now afford â€Å"fine Georgian houses and furnishings, pianos and pictures, carriages and liveried servants† (Perkin 2002, 142). The middle class also emulated the rich in elaborating the variety of their food evident from their â€Å"obsession with French chefs, gargantuan feasts, and exotic foods, and from the spate of cookery books† (Perkin 2002, 142). The rich were first to enjoy other benefits of economic growth like improved transport, better houses, cleaner drains, piped water, improved medical treatment and taking holidays in new resorts. The middle class followed immediately afterwards in this trend. Last to enter the circle of increased standard of living were the unskilled workers, farm laborers and the dislocated handicraft workers who were forced to revert to begging or criminal activities. The widening gap in income distribution was evident from the fact that number of servants increased faster than the population, indicating how easy it was for the rich to afford more of the poor labor. These poor people discouraged early marriages because then they would have had to feed more mouths. They lived chiefly on bread, potatoes, very little or no milk, cheese or bacon once in a while; meat was a luxury to them. It wasn’t until after 1870 that they started to benefit from industrialization. Perkins then talks about the effects of industrialization on the structure of family. In the early periods of industrialization when women started working in factories babies were neglected and handed over to baby-minders who would feed them badly and quieten them with opiates leading to a high rate of infant mortality. All members of the family would work, resulting in dissolution of family ties. According to some sources cited by Perkin, there was an increased sexual immorality both before and after marriage. However, factory owners and operatives defend these accusations by saying that they employed no married women and that husbands didn’t want their wives to work. The situation improved when new factory rules were implemented where husbands could hire their own co-workers from among the family. â€Å"Thus transferring the family functions of child-rearing and moral education to the factory† (Perkin 2002, 156). Later, in 1833, children were restricted to eight hours of labor and by 1850 a new role of the family was created with fathers working in factories, and wives were to stay at home with the children. This â€Å"left the family free to concentrate on more fundamental functions of child-bearing and rearing, and the emotional satisfaction of affection and companionship† (Perkin 2002, 157) was seen. However, women felt useless in this family structure and certain women did raise their voices against this. In 1855 Barbara Bodichon, with support of the Law Amendment Society collected 26,000 signatures for a Married Women’s Property Bill. The bill got rejected but it made way for the Matrimonial Causes Act of 1857, which set up the Divorce Court. This laid the foundation of modern family laws. According to Perkin, â€Å"it was the Industrial Revolution which, if only indirectly, brought about the emancipation of women† (Perkin 2002, 160). Peter Stearns analyzes the social impact of Industrial Revolution only from the viewpoint of factory workers, unlike Perkin who talks about all classes and sub-classes of the English society. He begins by pointing out the difficulties that factory workers had to face during some periods of low wages and high prices of some goods. At the same time, he agrees with Perkin on the issue of standards of living in the long run. Both reckon standards to have gone up. However, Stearns thinks that the low living standards in the short run was not the biggest difficulty faced by the workers and does not mention income fluctuations for the workers and owners of factories, unlike Perkin. Instead he draws our attention to the job conditions in the new factory setting which Perkin didn’t talk about. New rules, fines and supervisors were introduced to increase the pace of work in factories. Workers had to arrive when the factory whistle blew and those who were late would be locked out and would lose half a day’s pay in addition to the fine. Supervision was decentralized in many factories where a spinner would be allowed to hire his assistants. This decentralization was quickly replaced as it didn’t ensure the pace that owners sought. So, workers now had to work under the supervision of strangers for a life-time. Later, firms constructed worker housing, provided some medical care, and in other ways extended assistance beyond wages to certain workers to give them incentives to cope with the new job rules and more importantly, to attract more skilled labor. This was similar to the treatment that Manorial Lords used to provide to their peasants and was welcomed by the workers. They were still not comfortable with this new schedule at work but were working in the factories in order to return to the countryside with some savings. Employers realized that most workers â€Å"preferred to earn less but have more free time† (Stearns 1998, 59) when they started taking Mondays off to extend their Sunday leisure. With time, workers developed another strategy and the skilled labor also called ‘aristocracy of labor’ demanded higher pays and shorter hours to accept changes in the work situation. This approach was called instrumentalism and â€Å"was one of the novel results of the factory environment† (Stearns 1998, 60). Another serious difficulty for the factory workers was a lack of recreational opportunities. They were used to the traditions of village festivals but could not arrange for anything of that sort because workers lived amongst strangers in the cities. Employers curbed any such effort to replicate a traditional procession with the help of police who thought that it was a threat to city order. This resulted in the increase in popularity of Taverns. Drinks provided workers an escape from their tedious work and the tavern offered them with a chance to socialize with people in the new town. This was a huge transformation from village life to city life that Perkin failed to discuss in his book. Its significance lies in the fact that bars are still a favorite place to socialize for most working men in the modern world. The role of family changed enormously during Industrial Revolution according to Stearns. The removal of work from home made it a â€Å"sanctuary in which innocent children could be taught morality† (Stearns 1998, 61). Women increased time with the family playing the piano and reading stories aloud. Marriage was now a relationship purely based on love with the husband and wife closer than ever before. Duties of the wife now included running the household with the aid of employed servants. Men were supposed to generate financial support for the family. Women would also maintain contact with relatives as the man of the family would have very little time to socialize after the job. Women would only work before marriage to contribute to the family income. And it became a middle class notion for women to take care of domestic duties after marriage. Furthermore, child labor became increasingly nnecessary with improvements in machinery and â€Å"children’s role was redefined by the growing belief that the task of childhood was education† (Stearns 1998, 65). A new concept of adolescence emerged. A new barrier between children and fathers was created. People started thinking when to have kids since they were no longer a source of income. This caused the birth rates to plung e. A whole new family system was developed. Lastly I think Stearns neglects a couple of very important issues like emancipation of women, changes in diets and alterations inside the home with respect to decorations. However, both Perkin and Stearns agree on the larger picture how life for the middle class families changed. But Perkin stressed too much on the short run problems created in the family probably so that the reader is aware of the advantages and disadvantages of industrialization and is in a position to weigh them in order to reach a conclusion. WORKS CITED: Perkin, Harold. The Origins of Modern English Society. New York: Routledge, 2002. Stearns, Peter N. The Industrial Revolution in World History (second edition). Colorado: Westview Press, 1998.

Barton Case Study

Barton Case Study Assessment of the Financial Position and Performance of the Barton Firm In order to assess the financial position and financial performance of the Barton engine business, it is important to consider carefully the ratio analysis of the company, as it assists comparisons, simplifies financial-statement, aids the top-management to recognize whether the business’s financial position is enhancing or worsening by showing a yearly-trend, evaluates the long-term financial aptitude, and operating efficiency.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Barton Case Study specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More To conduct the ratio analysis of this firm, the focus should be on analyzing total current ratio, gross profit margin, net profit margin, and quick ratio or asset test ratio for three years (1999, 2000, and 2001), and compare between these ratios in order to come into a conclusion about Barton firm’s financial situation. Rati o Analysis for the Barton Firm Total Current Ratio (Total Current Ratio = Current Assets / Current Liabilities) Total Current Ratio 1999 2000 2001 24297 / 16711 23255 / 16232 24159 / 15338 1.454 1.433 1.575 Table 1: Total Current Ratio for Three Financial Years of Barton Engine Source: Self-generated from Barton Case Study Current ratio is a common and quick evaluation of liquidity of Barton firm, as it shows the margin of safety or cushion accessible to the creditors; moreover, it is an index for Barton’s financial stability and practical solvency and a directory of the strength of its working capital. As shown in the table 1, from 1999 to 2000, there has been a slow increase in the current ratio of Barton (1.454 in 1999, 1.433 in 2000, and 1.575 in 2001). As this kind of rise in the ratio demonstrates the enhancement of the liquidity position of the business, it is notable that the liquidity position of Barton had a slow development over these three years. On th e other hand, if there was a decline in the current ratio, it was quite natural that the liquidity position of the business has worsened with time and that it should improve in order to have better position.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Gross Profit Margin (Gross Profit Margin = Gross Profit / Revenue from Sales X 100) Gross Profit Margin 1999 2000 2001 26438 / 125950 x 100 24350 / 118175 x 100 21130 / 110000 x 100 20.991% 20.605% 19.209% Table 2: Gross Profit Margin for Three Financial Years of Barton Engine Source: Self-generated from Barton Case Study The gross profit margin is the proportion of the turnover, which a business preserves following the direct-expenses linked to generating the materials traded throughout a certain period; moreover, a rising profit margin means that the firm has good pricing strategy (it is able to lift prices with sm all or no effect on sales) or that it possess a rising productivity. However, as illustrated in table 2, there has been a substantial decrease in the gross profit margin from 1999 to 2000, which were consecutively 20.991%, 20.605%, and 19.209% decreasing margin could indicate that variable costs have risen while selling price has remained constant; it could also mean that Barton has cut prices to make an augmentation in sales. Net Profit Margin (Net Profit Margin = Net Profit / Revenue from Sales X 100) Net Profit Margin 1999 2000 2001 271 / 125950 x 100 236 / 118175 x 100 1855 / 110000 x 100 0.216% 0.199% 1.69% Table 3: Net Profit Margin for Three Financial Years of Barton EngineAdvertising We will write a custom report sample on Barton Case Study specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Source: Self-generated from Barton Case Study High net profit margin ratio shows how successful the firm is at changing sales into profit, and that the firm is capitalizing on some competitive-advantage, which can give it some additional capability and suppleness throughout the difficult financial periods; conversely, low net margin means the firm is not generating enough sales or it is not keeping your operating-expenses under control. Throughout 1999, 2000, and 2001, it is notable that the net profit margin has decreased so much that it took on a negative figure (0.216% in 1999, 0.199% in 2000, and 1.69% 2001). Such a decline in the net profit margin ratio throughout the three stated financial years might point out cost binges, which necessitate competence development; the Barton firm, having a low ratio, might need to take on debt to pay its expenses. Quick Ratio or Asset Test Ratio (Quick Ratio (Asset Test Ratio) = (Current Assets-Inventory) / Current Liabilities) Quick Ratio (Asset Test Ratio) 1999 2000 2001 (24297 8228) / 16711 (23255 8066) / 16232 (24159 11683) / 15338 0.962 0.936 0.813 Table 4 : Quick Ratio (Asset Test Ratio) for Three Financial Years of Barton Engine Source: Self-generated from Barton Case Study Asset test ratio would decline while cash or accounts obtainable balances reduce, devoid of an equivalent diminish in current liabilities, or boost in a current liability devoid of an equivalent boost in cash or accounts obtainable (for example, cash spent to buy fixed assets, cash spent to give off a long term debt, or cash spent to disburse dividends).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In 1999, 2000, and 2001, the asset test ratio diminished respectively by 0.962, 0.936, and 0.813, which shows Barton had a small liquidity ratio demonstrating that the firms liquidity position has needed further amplification. Suggestions for Ms. Payne Regarding the Financial Situation It is very important for Ms. Payne to provide a closer observation to improve the gross profit margin. This is achievable by two ways, either by augmenting the sales revenue when keeping the cost of sales the same, or by lowering the cost of sales, when upholding the same level of sales revenue. It is essential to note that Barton firm had an increase in its current ratio throughout the three years. However, in order to further enhance its current ratio and liquidity position, Ms. Payne should try to bring more cash into the balance sheet either by selling the under used assets, increasing loan capital and long term borrowings, or postponing intended investments. Moreover, the chief financial officer should also focus on raising the gross profit, or lowering the expenses and overheads. This will develop Barton’s net profit, which in turn will help it to enhance the net profit margin. According to table 4, the quick ratio or asset test ratio of the Barton firm has lowered constantly in 1999, 2000, and 2001. In order to enhance Barton’s asset test ratio, Ms. Payne should focus on two things, firstly, operate at increasing sales from the existing asset base, and secondly, sell of under utilized assets profitably, so that the sales figure has divided by a lower asset total. SWOT Analysis of Barton Engine Works Co Figure 1: SWOT Analysis of Barton Engine Works Co Source: self generated Strengths The internal strengths of Barton Engine are its glorious history, brand image, human resources, and performance of few departments, customer vase in the US market, and so on. Brand Awareness: Barton Engine Works Co had strong brand awareness for its consumer oriented five ho rsepower engine market; Employees: this company was the largest employer of the Barton County and it had more than 400 employees; Performance: According to the Barton Case Study, Earl and his engineering department’s little customer engine business is doing well. In addition, Earl stated that there is no immediate risk of losing the customer â€Å"Mulch Co† and 164 licensed dealers have doubled their purchase order from Barton Engine; Corporate Social Responsibility: Barton Engine has a significant level of budgetary involvement for its CSR1 policy and practice, for instance, the company provides scholarship to the children of the employees and talented students, send Christmas cards to the employees, and take care them; Customer Base: The strong base of loyal customers helped the company to continue its business and to compete with Japanese manufactures; Long Experience: Barton Engine Works Co has long experience to carry on its business with remarkable footprint in the US market. Weaknesses Besides strong points, Barton Engine has many weaknesses, such as Leadership: Once upon a time, this company was reputed for the financial strengths as predecessors were built a well-respected, $110 million company. However, the unfortunate death of William and his son by commuter plane crash created leadership gap though Ms. Payne is enough competent person to control the company as she has practical experience with high educational background; Decrease Market Share: The market share of Barton had decreased dramatically from 1985, for instance, it had at least 37% of consumer oriented five horsepower auto market in 1885 but it was only 4% in 2001, which indicates that 70% of total sales had down within last 15 years. In addition, its industrial market share had also dropped to 19%; Barton Engine Design: Integration of modern technology is an important factor in order to meet the demand of the products and create new fields of business operation but this company was not concentrated this issue. According to the case study, this company has been captured a significant market share 50 years ago when the owner of this company was designed high-tech model but the successors of the owner ignored this issue and lost market share; Operating costs: it was not possible for the management to reduce operating costs, and in 2001, its engineering, selling and administrative costs were $22,188,000; Financial position: This company has experienced huge financial problems as its net operating profits have decreased dramatically, for instance, its net income was 2065 thousands in 1999 where as it was (1058) thousands in 2001. Opportunities Key opportunities of the company have discussed below Market Demand: The top-level management of the company believed that they have strong customer base because still customers seek Barton Engine though Japanese manufactures sale few more engines in the US market. According to the Barton Case Study, this comp any has also largest market share, which indicates that it has huge opportunity to increase customer demand in the US market by restructuring and implementing new strategies; Increase Market Share: Most of the countries of the world are now member of WTO, which gives the scope to the company to enter new market by adopting suitable entry mode strategies to increase market share; Joint Venture: As many customer intended to purchase Barton Engines, it has the opportunity to joint venture with renowned companies to share technology of the partners, assets, manpower and so on; Divestiture Strategy: According to the Barton Case Study, the performance of few subsidiaries was not stable to carry on the business. As a result, the management of this company has opportunity to adopt divestiture strategy to concentrate on the core business or profitable units; Diversification: This Company has opportunity to diversify its product range both vertically and horizontally to attract the customer. Threats As per the case study, major threats for the company’s were Competitors: Japanese competitors were main problem for the company because Barton lost the market share and its glorious position due to strong presence of the Japanese products, for instance, in 1985, Japanese had only 6% and 2% share of consumer oriented five horsepower and ten horsepower auto market accordingly but it is now market leader of this sector. On the other hand, Japanese manufactures offered technologically advance products and designed new models over time; Decision-Making process: Taking right decision in proper time is one of the most important factors for the development of the company. However, the company may become insolvent due to undertake inappropriate steps; Conflicts between directors: Williams intended to carry out the business with old equipment, as he was spent huge fund for purchasing new products in 1978. On the other hand, the son of William was interested to purchase new m achine to develop quality of the products and increase efficiency of the employees. However, Williams argued that it should require more than $100 million to purchase new equipments, and need sufficient fund to train employees, so, this conflicts between directors had influenced to decrease the performance in the US market; Sales Report: The marketers scrutinised the sales data of profitable units and found that the earnings from 10-horsepower engine would decreased by 75% within the next fiscal year. Recommendation Ms. Payne should increase budget for promotional activities as it can increase customer base and market share; Moreover, she should decrease production costs by purchasing few machine and repairing old machine as the customers never compromise with the quality of the products; To reduce operating costs, the company should recruit efficient and low cost employees from South Asian countries like Bangladesh, India, and China; In addition, Ms. Payne should compare the perf ormance of all subsidiaries and sale the non profitable units to concentrate on the core business; She should try to work as a team to develop the performance of the employees; Ms. Payne should review the performance of the competitors to take decisions; She should consider the opinion of the top management and employees; However, Ms. Payne should restructure the pricing strategy in order to compete with the Japanese engine manufacturing companies. Suggestions about the 10-Horsepower Engine According to the Barton Case Study, in 1985, Barton had 21% share in consumer oriented 10-horsepower engine market whereas Japanese had captured only 2% market share. The US customers of generators, pumps and compressors were relied on Barton’s products for its quality and design, but Mr. William never upgraded the design and technology of 10-horsepower engine. As a result, this company failed to retain their glorious position and Japanese manufactures captured major portion of market sha re though some dealers of Barton is doing well and they have created a loyal customer base. Therefore, besides of upgrading the design of the engine, Barton firm should undertake the strategies suggested below. Suggestions 1: Formulating Pricing Strategy Assessment of the Strategy Appraisal Methods Evaluation Criteria Creates brand recognition This strategy will develop Barton’s brand image by creating a preference amongst the consumers for the 10-horsepower engine. Supports the vision Throughout 1999, 2000, and 2001, its sales have lowered significantly. In these circumstances, the position of the company can be improved by following a pricing strategy that will add a little mark-up after the cost of production. High price may cause declining sales. Utilize core competency Barton would need long time to regain its position if it does not consider this strategy as its key competency. Rivalry As other competitors ask lower price to capture the market, Barton shoul d hit the market by restructuring their pricing policy Constructs uniqueness and differentiation This will differentiate the 10-horsepower engine Generates loyal consumer base A large group of customer will become loyal for low prices, as because of the aftershock of the global financial crisis, the purchasing power of the consumers have reduced. Moreover, a larger consumer base will in turn enhance Barton’s market share. Financial hazards The strategy may initially mean quite low profits Short and long-term growth rate In long-term, the growth rate of Barton will increase Thinking customer first This strategy meet the criteria of considering the customer first Extent of Flexibility Cost Leadership is the effective strategy for future sustainability Suggestions 2: Undertaking Joint Venture Strategy Assessment of the Strategy Appraisal Methods Evaluation Criteria Creates brand recognition By this strategy, Barton will try to rebuild and renovate the techn ology of the 10-horsepower engine with the help of the firm it will join with; in long run, this will increase its brand recognition Supports the vision This strategy will support Barton to enhance the 10-horsepower engine and regain its recognition, which is one of its visions. Utilize core competency If successfully renovated, the 10-horsepower engine can be Barton’s core competency Rivalry Reduce competition between other player Constructs uniqueness and differentiation It will differentiate the engine as it would develop with the help of expert jointly from 2 different firms. In addition, the hard work, experience, human resources, capital, finances, skills, and adaptability of 2 different firms may mean that the outcome of the joint venture is successful. Generates loyal consumer base Enhanced functionality of the 10-horsepower engine ensures the creation loyal customer base. Financial hazards In case of joint venture, it has minimal start up costs, and few o verhead Short and long-term growth rate It offers large potential growth in the long-term in some cases. Thinking customer first This strategy has designed with think the company first Extent of Flexibility It limits its adaptability Footnotes 1 Corporate Social Responsibility

PERSONALITY THEORY (PSYCHOLOGY RESEARCH PAPER) Essay

PERSONALITY THEORY (PSYCHOLOGY RESEARCH PAPER) - Essay Example Jung was very influential and changed the way many people thought of psychology in his time, adding a certain mystical or spiritual dimension to some of Freud’s basic categories. And, like Freud, Jung has remained a respected part of the field of psychology, even in today’s modern world. According to Jung’s theories, life’s primary goal is to achieve self-realization, or a harmonious blending of the many components and forces within the psyche. â€Å"Although self-realization is never completely achieved, approximating it involves a†¦ journey of self-discovery† (Hergenhahn and Olson, 2003). The analyst’s role, then, in this situation is to help the client through a sectional modality to find as much self-discovery and self-realization as possible within the parameters of the interview setting, or to present this modality in terms of analysis. reacted to as if they belong to another object or person† (Scharf, 2004). The individuation process was also seen by Jung to be potentially induced by trying to make a connection in the individual between their conscious and unconscious self/selves, through analysis and deliberate action. Jung favored this form of coaxing out the individuation process in an analytical setting. Obviously, the individuation process does not occur during early childhood, and is seen by most to have its roots in the second half of an individual’s adult life. â€Å"Perhaps Jung’s most original contribution is that of the collective unconscious and archetypal patterns and images that arise from it† (Scharf, 2004). Jung was also somewhat strict about the individuation process being facilitated only by his own methods and descriptions, and was distrustful of other methods such as yoga or other eastern paradigms of awareness and enlightenment as being legitimate. The goal of the individuation process

He is My Hero - Essay about my Grandfather Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

He is My Hero - about my Grandfather - Essay Example He might never have caned me but his advice challenged me even at a very tender age. He would always be straightforward with me and warned me that he was not going to watch me turn into a wicked child. He was a very loving man, not only towards me but also towards my grandmother. My grandfather had a great heart, to be sincere, I have not known anyone with such a heart. His face always shone with a smile even when facing hard times. Most thought his life was ever smooth but we who were around him knew the many hardships he had faced. Even when he was sick and could barely raise his head, he always preached peace and love. He would call all of us, his grandchildren and tell us how important it was to be good to other even when they were not good to us. Being a great physician, he would always inspire me by the way he dedicated himself to ensuring that he gave his best to his patients. Sometime he would wake up in the middle of the night to go attend to patients even he was not in duty , particularly when he learnt that there were emergency case. I will never forget one incidence since it really touched me. It revealed to me something I had never known about my grandfather. I would often go to see him in the hospital when I was young since he worked a few metres from our house. While I was visiting him on one of the occasions there happened to be a patient who needed a liver transplant but had not found a donor even after making requisitions from several organizations that deal with organ transplant. However, it happened that my grandfather’s liver matched with his. Nonetheless, the hospital prohibited organ donation by the staff members. Irrespective of this, my father requested the surgeon in charge to arrange for him to donate part of his liver to the almost dying man. The surgeon was reluctant and reported the matter to the hospital administrator. When the administrator learnt of my grandfather’s plan, he threatened to sack him if he decided to g o on with his plan. Most thought that my grandfather would give up and forget about the whole issue but his personality could not let him do so. He demanded that he had to donate his organ, which he eventually did though he lost his job. Most of his workmates felt that he was irrational since he was helping a stranger at the expense of his job. Even the family members could not understand his actions. Several years later, I asked him why he had chosen to do this. What he told me made me realize he was a rare kind of a person. He was a bighearted hero and no one or anything could prevent him from doing what he was right. He told me that the best thing you can do is to follow your instincts if you felt what you were doing was right, since you only have one chance to live. Giving up a job to enable him donate his liver was one of the greatest sacrifices that a person could ever make. We knew he was noble and generous but not to such an extent. Those who knew him in the hospital thought he was just a physician like any other doctor, but he was more than that. You only needed to know him more to realize the kind of a person he was. When he lost his job, he decided to dedicate himself to charity work. Some thought he was ridiculous to spend his time working as a volunteer in hospitals that took care of less privileged. According to him, he was just doing the right thing. He was such a talented doctor, but he used his talent

Effects of Junk food Essay Example for Free

Effects of Junk food Essay The moons of Saturn are a very interesting topic to research. Before beginning this amazing journey on the moons, first we must do a brief overview of the planet Saturn. Saturn is the sixth largest planet from the sun; it is very large and does not have very much water. This research paper will explore the different moons, the names, atmosphere, similarities and sizes of the moons. Saturn has 62 moons that have been discovered but only 52 have been given an official name while the others still are waiting to have specific information found out about them to give them a name. Only 18 moons have been officially sanctioned by the International Astronomical Union. The names of the moons come from characters in Greek and Roman mythology. The moons are made up of about 30 to 40 percent rock and about 60 to 70 percent water. The Saturn Moons so diversity in many area, let’s explore their differences. Since there are too many to name we will discuss the more poplar moons. Pan- Named after the Greek God of the wild, it is about 20km in diameter and its mass is 11x 10 15th lbs. Saturn is at a distance of 83,000 miles and has an orbital period around Saturn is 13.8 hours. Pan was discovered in 1990 by the Voyager team. A Pan orbit within the Encke Gap which is located in the Saturn’s A ring. The Encke Gap is a space in the A ring that helps Pan to orbit around Saturn. Helene- named after Greek goddess Helene popularly known as Helene of Troy and the name means torch. Helene’s moon is an irregular shape in body and is measured about36 x 32 x 30 km in diameter. The moon orbits Saturn at 234,500 in distance and its mass is 8x 10by 17. The surface materials are composed of particularly dark and organic rich mater and condense ices. Helene was discovered by P. Laques and J. Leacheus in the year 1990. Dione- Named after  Greek goddess Dione and the mother for Aphrodite she was describe as a temple associate. Dione is about 1,118km is diameter and has a density of 1.43gm/cm the rest is ice. The temperature is extremely cold and the distance from Saturn is 377,400 km, and includes crater area that measure about 100 km in diameter. Dione was discovered in 1684 by Giovanni Cassini. Rhea- Named after the god of fruitfulness the mother of Poseidon. Rhea is far away from and the second largest moon of Saturn. It is 1,528 km in size, its distance from the sun is 527,040 and it mass is2.31 x 10 sub 21 kg. Rhea’s temperature is cold like Dione and only one side of its surface faces Saturn. The surface of Rhea is a mixture of ice and rock similar to a frozen dirty snowball. Dione was discovered in 1672 by Giovanni Cassini. Mimas- Named after the Greek god giant of war. It looks like a bull’s eye by viewing in space. The surface of is covered with impact craters due to shock waves that happens on the moon which measure is size of about 40 kg . It is also very low in density and is composed of mostly water with small amounts of rock. The distance from Saturn is 185,520km, the period of orbit around Saturn is 22.6 hrs and its mass is 3.81 x 10 sub 19kg. The temperature of Mimas is minus 344 degrees Fahrenheit. It was discovered by Williams Herschel in 1789. Enceladus- Named the god that was responsible for tremors and volcanoes, and he was considered the leader of the giants. Distance from the Saturn is 237,378 km, about 512 x 494489 km in diameter, its mass id 1.2 x 10 sub 20 kg. The period Encelasus orbit around Saturn is 32.8 hours. It is also covered in water ice and is about -330 degrees Fahrenheit. It also reflects the sunlight. It was discove red by Williams Herschel in 1789. Titan- Named after group Greek gods who ruled the cosmos. Titan is largest of the Saturn’s moon and is the most Earthlike of its kind; it looks a lot like a frozen version of the plant earth. The surface is very cold; it has a temperature of -290 degrees Fahrenheit and has a thick atmosphere but does not hold gravity well. Titan’s atmosphere has an altitude 10 times higher than or nearly 600 km into space as oppose to the earth. According to a space expedition in 1980 by the Voyager 1Titan showed to only have air pressure of one and a half at sea level and four times as dense of the earth. Titan has chemical readings is mostly gas about 95% nitrogen and 5% methane, which are two chemicals that are present in earth’s surface. Nitrogen help produces this thick smog like cloud that can hold water and  produces rain. With the help of methane which is a gas allows the cloud s rain to produce or rain down liquids similar to gasoline. Titan orbits Saturn 1.2 million km or 745,000 miles it take16 days to make complete circle. The radius is 2,575 km and 112 km in diameter. The Greek mythology of how the naming group of Titans , hence thus the naming of the moons came about, the Titans devoured the limbs of Dionysus, the son of Zeus (the god of thunder and war) was intended to have dominion over the world. Zeus was so angry he struck the titans with lighting and the fire burned them to ashes. The moons of Saturn are too numerous to number, just like the story of the Titans. They all have their own characteristics, this paper only names a few, here are the rest: Aegean, Aegir, Albiorix, Anthe, Benhionn, Bergeimir, Calypso, Dapjnis, Epimetheus, Erriapus, Farbauti, Fenrir, Fornjot, Greip, Hati, Hyperion, Hyrrokkin, Lapetus, Lijraq, Janus, Jamsaxa, Kari, Kiviug, Loge, Methone, Mundifari, Narvi, Paaliaq, Pallene, Phoebe, Polydueces, Siamaq, Skadi, Skoll, Suttung, Tarqeq, Telesto, Tethys, Thrym, Ymir. The names of these moons will continue to grow as new moons are discovered. The moons will begin the naming process which astronomer gives each moon a temporary name that will follow this format S/2011-S1. The first S stands for Saturn and the second S after the stands for its satellite or location in space. Then the names are assigning by the International Astronomical Union. In conclusion, with the study of the moons of Saturn we learned that some range very large in size. We also learned the amount of time it takes each moon s to orbit Saturn. The time varies amongst the moon of Saturn. The all of the temperature each of the moons are too cold for human life to be sustained, and the surfaces of each one of the moons are somewhat similar; with the exception of the moon Titan. During the study of the Titan moons the discovery of the similarities between the planet Earth and Titan’s atmosphere. The naming of the moons came from Greek mythology and the history of the Greek gods were interesting the in its own way. Finally, scientists are still discover ing new moons in Saturn’s atmosphere, as of today there are only 53 moons officially named; who knows how many more are lurking out there. References The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2011 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Pan-ast.html Hatzitsinidou, Evangelia. (2005-2011). Greek-Gods.Info Gods and Goddess of Ancient Greece. October 26,2011, http://www.greek-gods.info/greek-mythology/a.php Munsell,Kirk. (2011). Cassini Solstice Misson. November 23, 2011, http://www.jpl.nasa.gov./science/mooms

Importance Of Set Design Theatre Essay

Importance Of Set Design Theatre Essay Adolph Appia (pictured left) 1862 1928, was a Swiss theorist, pioneer in modern stage design and is most famous for his scenic designs for Wagners operas (Design for act I of Parsifal Pictured left). What set Appia aside from other stage designers was his rejection of painted two dimensional sets. He created three dimensional living sets, which he believed created different shades of light which were necessary as light was important for actors to engage in the setting, time and space. Instead of using the conventional way of lighting from the floor, Appia lit the stage from above and the sides of the stage, thus creating depth and a three dimensional set. Light intensity and colour helped Appia to gain a new perspective of scene design and stage lighting. This helped to set the mood and create an authentic stage set. Appia believed that the reason sets werent successful during his time, was because of a lack of connection between the director and the set designer. He believed that there should be an artistic harmony especially between these two people in order for his theory to be successful. There are three core points which Appia uses to help define mise-en-scene: Dynamic and three dimensional movements by actors. Perpendicular scenery. Using depth and the horizontal dynamics of the performance space. Light, space and the actor are all malleable commodities which should all be intertwined to create a successful mise-en-scene. He used steps, platforms and columns to create depth and manipulated light in order to make the set look real. Light was considered to be the primary element which linked together all the other aspects of the production and Appia was one of the first designers to realise its potential, more than to merely illuminate actors and the painted backdrop behind. This was shown in his staging of Tristan und Isolde (1923). Notice the steps, columns and ramps. Directors and designers of the present day have taken great inspiration from Adolph Appias theory. Perhaps the main reason being the huge advance in technology, which was only just emerging in the late 19th century. Edward Gordon Craig (1872-1966) also like Adolph Appia was an English theatre practitioner. Unlike Appia however he believed actors had no more importance than marionettes. Gentlemen, the Marionette is a writing in which Craig explains how the actors are merely puppets on strings. He had a great interest in marionettes claiming they were the only true actors who have the soul of a dramatic poet, serving as a true and loyal interpreter with the virtues of silence and obedience. (Innes, Christopher, (1998) Edward Gordon Craig: A Vision of Theatre). He built elaborate and symbolic sets, for example his set for the Moscow Art Theatre production of Hamlet (1909) consisted of movable screens. And like Appia, he broke the stage floor with platforms, steps and ramps. He replaced the parallel rows of canvas with an elaborate series of tall screens. Craig left a promising career in acting in order to concentrate on directing and developing ideas about the theatre of the future, which was inspired by Hubert von Herkomers scenic experiments with auditorium lighting and three dimensional scenery in productions at the Bushy Art School. Craigs idea of new total theatre drew on the imagination to create a vision of colour harmony, visual simplicity and an atmospheric effect under the sole control of a single artist. Also inspired by his partner Isadora Duncan, a dancer which inspired him to look into the concept of the rhythms and movements in nature acting as a vehicle for an emotional and aesthetic experience. Craig was very interested in electrical light, something new and only just emerging in his time. An example of this can be seen when he worked on Dido and Aeneas. Craig used a single colour back cloth with a gauze stretched at an angle in front of it onto which light of another colour was projected, an astoundingly three dime nsional effect was achieved (Innes, Christopher, 1998, Edward Gordon Craig: A Vision of Theatre, P. 46). He intensively researched theatre of the past in order to create his new theatre. He imagined a theatre which was a fusion of poetry, performer, colour and movement designed to appeal to the emotions. As he progressed through his work, he followed his symbolist views using movement to create mood and in his studies in 1906 talked of removing elements of sets or props and replacing them with symbolic gestures. For example a man battling through a snowstorm, Craig questioned whether the snow was necessary. Would the actors movements be sufficient to convey what was happening? In 1900 after Craig had developed himself as a set designer he worked on a production of Dido and Aeneas which was ground breaking as a set for theatre design. Due to certain limitations Craig was able to break away from the elaborate Victorian stage designs and experiment with abstract and simpler designs. Craig himself believed that what he was creating was new theatre and wouldnt be widely accepted until the future and this was true. During the 1950s Kenneth Tynan wrote of how Craigs ideas that he expounded fifty years ago, in his breathless poetic prose, are nowadays bearing fruit all over Europe. Craig has influenced practitioners such as Constantin Stanislavsky, Meyerhold and Bertolt Brecht, and he also still impacts many designers and practitioners of the modern day. Although both of these designers worked independently from one and other, they arrived at similar conclusions. They both criticised realistic theatre, arguing against the photographic reproduction as a primary function of scene design. Appia didnt agree with Stanislavskys theory of the fourth wall so he discarded it and designed a theatre building which became the first theatre in the modern era without a proscenium arch. Both theorists believed that the settings should suggest and not reproduce the location. Both also broke the two dimensional view on sets by using platforms and different levels, designing spaces that were practical and functional for performers. Also with the advance in technology, both took advantage of electricity which made it possible for the stage to be lit using bulbs. This helps to develop as an art and both used light as an important part of their visual elements. Appias and Craigs designs focus heavily on stressing contrasts between light and dark creating heavily atmospheric sets. Appia and Craig shared a lot of the same opinions; however they were not in total agreement. Appia Believed that the director, fused theatrical elements and the designer was an interpretive artist, bringing an authors work to life from page to, stage forming a functional environment for the actors. Craig believed that theatre needed a master artist who would create all of the production elements. His designs were frequently thought to be on a larger scale than Appias. Appias designs usually required a set change for each location in the performance, whereas Craig used the modern unit using one basic setting which can represent various locations throughout the movement of its elements with only the need of slight changes such as lighting, props etc. Both Appia and Craig have greatly influenced the way theatre has evolved. Not only as technology has advanced but also at the way the directors, set designers and production teams in general are working. There is a lot more communication and discussion between the directors and the set designers vision into how a set should look. Also Sets on stage are predominantly three dimensional using levels, ramps, stairs and depth. The use of light has perhaps changed the most dramatically moving from the floor to lighting rigs in the ceiling and along the side of the stage. It is safe to say without the ideas and theories that the two had, theatre may not be where it is today.

Maryannreyteran

KAMIAS AS BEVEARAGE DRINK HOW TO MAKE KAMIAS WINE? MATERIALS: 80 pcs. Of Kamias Caserole Salt 3 tbsp. sugar 1 tbsp. yeast 1 Cotainer Straw Streamer Cotton Cotton cloth 1 or 2 bottle PROCEDURE: 1. Prepared the 80 pcs. Kamias aqnd remove the upper and lower part . 2. After removing fill it to a container and wait for at least 6 or 7 days until the extract of the kamias comes out or release. 3. After 7 days waiting, separate the extract from residue in a bottle. 4. Add the 3 tbsp. sugar. 5. Wait for a days until the dullness of the extract cimes dow or what we called left residue. . Transfer to another bottle and put the yeast. 7. After putting yeast kindly get the cotton and put it to the mouth of the bottle and put a straw horizontally for the hole the bottle. 8. Wait for atleast I month. 9. After waiting, put it in a Caserole and boil in slow fire for the sterilization of the wine. 10. After that, the bottle next. 11. And feel the essence of my finish product. â€Å"Kaymito Leaves D ecoction as Antiseptic Mouthwash† Materials: ? kilo of kamias fruit 1 ? kilo of chili mortar and pestle kettle gas stove product container Procedure: The researcher collected and prepared all the materials needed. The researcher then pounded the kamias and chili separately and gets their extracts. After pounding the kamias and the chili, the researcher boiled the two extracts separately for 5 minutes. Then the researcher mixed them and poured them inside the container. Review of related literature: In the past chili was used only as spices because of its taste. Later on, it was discovered as a good mosquito killer because of its pesticidal property. While kamias (ginger lily) was also used in food spices before. Later on, it was discovered by Battistelli in 1939 that it has properties such as astringent, stomachic, refrigerant and antiscorbutic. Some of the researchers now are having kamias as wine but in this study the researcher wants to test the properties of the kamias fruit together with the chili. Oregano as Perfume Materials:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I. Ingredients: 1. ) 400 grams paraffin wax 2. ) Candle wick 3. ) 100 grams stearic acid 4. ) Dye/ scrap colored candles 5. ) Fresh oregano leaves II. Other things: 1. ) Stove 2. ) Kettle 3. ) Stick 4. ) Scissors 5. ) Pail with water 6. ) Garter 7. ) Brush 8. ) Oil 9. ) Rag 10. A pair of candle molders (#18 for the size of locally available candle) 11. ) Strainer 12. ) Knife Here are the steps: For the molder: All the materials were prepared in the working table. The candle molders were soaked in the half-full water basin for 10 minutes. After so, the molders were dried by a clean rag and brushed with oil to make it ea sy to pull out from the molder. The molders were paired and held together by a garter. For the wick: The wick was tied to a stick and placed on the mold. For the candle: The paraffin and stearic acid, together with the scrap candles, were melted together in a kettle over medium-heat stove. The fresh oregano leaves were stirred into melted wax (the strength of the scent depends on the amount of the oregano leaves and the amount of the herbs depends on your choice) Once, the change in the color of the wax was observed; the herbs can now be removed by a strainer. The melted ingredients were poured into the molder. The molder was submerged in water to hasten the cooling process. After 1-2 hours, the molder can now be opened and voila! Gloc-9 — Upuan lyrics (Chant) Kayo po na naka upo, Subukan nyo namang tumayo At baka matanaw, at baka matanaw na nyo Ang tunay na kalagayan ko Ganito kasi yan eh†¦ Verse 1: Tao po, nandyan po ba kayo sa loob ng Malaking bahay at malawak na bakuran Mataas na pader pinapaligiran At naka pilang mga mamahaling sasakyan Mga bantay na laging bulong ng bulong Wala namang kasal pero marami ang naka barong Lumakas man ang ulan ay walang butas ang bubong Mga plato't kutsara na hindi kilala ang tutong At ang kanin ay simputi ng gatas na nasa kahon At kahit na hindi pasko sa lamesa ay may hamon Ang sarap sigurong manirahan sa bahay na ganyan Sabi pa nila ay dito mo rin matatagpuan Ang tao na nagmamay-ari ng isang upuan Na pag may pagkakatao'y pinag-aagawan Kaya naman hindi niya pinakakawalan Kung makikita ko lamang siya ay aking sisigawan Chorus: Kayo po na naka upo, Subukan nyo namang tumayo, At baka matanaw, at baka matanaw na nyo Ang tunay na kalagayan ko Verse 2: [ Lyrics from: http://www. lyricsty. com/gloc-9-upuan-lyrics. html ] Mawalang galang na po Sa taong naka upo, Alam niyo bang pantakal ng bigas namin ay di puno Ang ding-ding ng bahay namin ay pinagtagpi-tagping yero Sa gabi ay sobrang init na tumutunaw ng yelo Na di kayang bilhin upang ilagay sa inumin Pinakulong tubig sa lumang takuring uling-uling Gamit lang panggatong na inanod lamang sa istero Na nagsisilbing kusina sa umaga'y aming banyo Ang aking inay na may kayamanan isang kaldero Na nagagamit lang pag ang aking ama ay sumweldo Pero kulang na kulang parin, Ulam na tuyo't asin Ang singkwenta pesos sa maghapo'y pagkakasyahin Di ko alam kung talagang maraming harang O mataas lang ang bakod O nagbubulag-bulagan lamang po kayo Kahit sa dami ng pera niyo Walang doktor na makapagpapalinaw ng mata niyo Kaya†¦ Wag kang masyadong halata Bato-bato sa langit Ang matamaa'y wag magalit O bato-bato bato sa langit Ang matamaan ay Wag masyadong halata (ooh) Wag kang masyadong halata Hehey, (Wag kang masyadong halata) (Wag kang masyadong halata) (Chant) Gloc-9 — Upuan lyrics (Chant) Kayo po na naka upo, Subukan nyo namang tumayo At baka matanaw, at baka matanaw na nyo Ang tunay na kalagayan ko Ganito kasi yan eh†¦ Verse 1: Tao po, nandyan po ba kayo sa loob ng Malaking bahay at malawak na bakuran Mataas na pader pinapaligiran At naka pilang mga mamahaling sasakyan Mga bantay na laging bulong ng bulong Wala namang kasal pero marami ang naka barong Lumakas man ang ulan ay walang butas ang bubong Mga plato't kutsara na hindi kilala ang tutong At ang kanin ay simputi ng gatas na nasa kahon At kahit na hindi pasko sa lamesa ay may hamon Ang sarap sigurong manirahan sa bahay na ganyan Sabi pa nila ay dito mo rin matatagpuan Ang tao na nagmamay-ari ng isang upuan Na pag may pagkakatao'y pinag-aagawan Kaya naman hindi niya pinakakawalan Kung makikita ko lamang siya ay aking sisigawan Chorus: Kayo po na naka upo, Subukan nyo namang tumayo, At baka matanaw, at baka matanaw na nyo Ang tunay na kalagayan ko Verse 2: Mawalang galang na po Sa taong naka upo, Alam niyo bang pantakal ng bigas namin ay di puno Ang ding-ding ng bahay namin ay pinagtagpi-tagping yero Sa gabi ay sobrang init na tumutunaw ng yelo Na di kayang bilhin upang ilagay sa inumin Pinakulong tubig sa lumang takuring uling-uling Gamit lang panggatong na inanod lamang sa istero Na nagsisilbing kusina sa umaga'y aming banyo Ang aking inay na may kayamanan isang kaldero Na nagagamit lang pag ang aking ama ay sumweldo Pero kulang na kulang parin, Ulam na tuyo't asin Ang singkwenta pesos sa maghapo'y pagkakasyahin Di ko alam kung talagang maraming harang O mataas lang ang bakod O nagbubulag-bulagan lamang po kayo Kahit sa dami ng pera niyo Walang doktor na makapagpapalinaw ng mata niyo Kaya†¦ Wag kang masyadong halata Bato-bato sa langit Ang matamaa'y wag magalit O bato-bato bato sa langit Ang matamaan ay Wag masyadong halata (ooh) Wag kang masyadong halata Hehey, (Wag kang masyadong halata) Wag kang masyadong halata) (Chant) ST. LOUIS COLLEGE OF VALENZUELA High School Department Science and Technology Area Date : January 9, 2012 To whom it may concern, We have the honor of presenting our proposal for our Investigatory Project in partial fulfillment of the requirements for our science and technology subject for the school year 2011-2012. Written below is o ur temporary title, area of study and related disciplines and members of the group. â€Å"Oregano (Origanum vulgare) as Perfume† Biochemistry (Natural products chemistry, botany, biochemistry, inorganic analysis) Ramirez, B. C. , Reyteran ,M. A. , Salalila, H. Sanchez, C. M. , Enriquez, M. , Cadag,M. , Estayan, W. , Enriquez, V. M. II- St. Bernadette Soubirous Bhea Camille RamirezMary Ann ReyteranHazel Salalila Chieni Mae SanchezMonica EnriquezMargaret Cadag Wina EstayanVictor Mari Enriquez Noted by:Remarks: Sir Justin Ortiz Faculty Science teacher and I. P. adviser ST. LOUIS COLLEGE OF VALENZUELA High School Department Science and Technology Area Date : January 9, 2012 To whom it may concern, We have the honor of presenting our proposal for our Investigatory Project in partial fulfillment of the requirements for our science and technology subject for the school year 2011-2012. Written below is our temporary title, area of study and related disciplines and members of the group. â€Å"Kamias (Averrhoa bilimbi) as Wine† Biochemistry (Natural products chemistry, botany, biochemistry, inorganic analysis) Ramirez, B. C. , Reyteran ,M. A. , Salalila, H. , Sanchez, C. M. , Enriquez, M. , Cadag,M. , Estayan, W. , Enriquez, V. M. II- St. Bernadette Soubirous Bhea Camille RamirezMary Ann ReyteranHazel Salalila Chieni Mae SanchezMonica EnriquezMargaret Cadag Wina EstayanVictor Mari Enriquez Noted by:Remarks: Sir Justin Ortiz Faculty Science teacher and I. P. adviser ST. LOUIS COLLEGE OF VALENZUELA High School Department Science and Technology Area Date : January 9, 2012 To whom it may concern, We have the honor of presenting our proposal for our Investigatory Project in partial fulfillment of the requirements for our science and technology subject for the school year 2011-2012. Written below is our temporary title, area of study and related disciplines and members of the group. â€Å"Kaymito Leaves Decoction as Antiseptic Mouthwash† Biochemistry (Natural products chemistry, botany, biochemistry, inorganic analysis) Ramirez, B. C. , Reyteran ,M. A. , Salalila, H. , Sanchez, C. M. , Enriquez, M. Cadag,M. , Estayan, W. , Enriquez, V. M. II- St. Bernadette Soubirous Bhea Camille RamirezMary Ann ReyteranHazel Salalila Chieni Mae SanchezMonica EnriquezMargaret Cadag Wina EstayanVictor Mari Enriquez Noted by:Remarks: Sir Justin Ortiz Faculty Science teacher and I. P. adviser ST. LOUIS COLLEGE OF VALENZUELA High School Department Science and Technology Area Date : January 9, 20 12 To whom it may concern, We have the honor of presenting our proposal for our Investigatory Project in partial fulfillment of the requirements for our science and technology subject for the school year 2011-2012. Written below is our temporary title, area of study and related disciplines and members of the group. â€Å" Feasibility of Chili (Capsicum frutescens) and Kamias (Hedychium coronarium) as Mosquito Killer† Biochemistry (Natural products chemistry, botany, biochemistry, inorganic analysis) Ramirez, B. C. , Reyteran ,M. A. , Salalila, H. , Sanchez, C. M. , Enriquez, M. , Cadag,M. , Estayan, W. , Enriquez, V. M. II- St. Bernadette Soubirous Bhea Camille RamirezMary Ann ReyteranHazel Salalila Chieni Mae SanchezMonica EnriquezMargaret Cadag Wina EstayanVictor Mari Enriquez Noted by:Remarks: Sir Justin Ortiz Faculty Science teacher and I. P. adviser

A Musculoskeletal Disorder Health And Social Care Essay

Biotechnologies is the survey of the correlativities between individuals and their work scenes. This involves planing or custom-making a occupation, workplace, tools, work procedures to run into the demands of its employees, non frailty versa. Here the associated or possible jeopardies are identified and eradicated. A musculoskeletal upset ( MSD ) entails an hurt, damage or unwellness impacting the articulations or other tissues of the weaponries, legs or the back. Hence ergonomics focuses on the hazard factors that increase the happening of musculoskeletal upsets and eliminates them. Biotechnologies strive to heighten the strong points and capablenesss of workers alternatively of holding them adapt to the workplace environment. These designs take into consideration the kineticss of the work force that is their age, sex, physical strength, rational ability, work experience, cultural outlooks and aspirations. ( Bellinger, 2001 ) There are general guidelines that workers need to follow with to forestall wellness jobs that occur with computing machine use. The chair used by office workers is fundamentally the most important portion of a safe working environment and its tallness should be able to be adjusted with one manus whilst seated before any other alterations to the keyboard or proctor ‘s location is done. This should besides hold lumbar support, if there is no support shock absorbers can supply same. To accomplish this topographic point a shock absorber at the curvature of the lower dorsum and on the chair. The worker ‘s pess should rest on the floor comfortably if that is non possible usage a pes remainder to make so. Use headsets if the occupation includes the frequent usage of a phone in combination with typing or composing alternatively of a phone that needs to be supported utilizing your caput and cervix. Research different manners of headsets until one that is suited or comfy for the occupation is found. Directly in forepart of the worker the proctor should be located about arm ‘s length, which is averagely eighteen- 20 eight inches ( 46 to seventy one centimetres ) off. At below oculus degree the top of the screen should be positioned. If illuming provides a blaze and is a job exchange off all overhead visible radiations and barricade off visible radiation from the Windowss. Ensure that the most luminescent visible radiation beginning comes to the side of the proctor. Lighting should be considered in the office as they create blazes that affect the proctor screen. A blaze screen to minimise the blaze on the screen should be utilized. A light with assorted control scenes to dimmer the visible radiations with undertaking lighting can be used. A undertaking visible radiation equally distributes the visible radiation throughout the room and reduces the overall lighting to cut the blaze. All these steps are to cut down oculus strain on the computing machine user. Computer users experience ocular uncomfortableness from uncorrected vision jobs that are more marked because of computing machine use, sight alterations as one age, wrong prescription spectacless or contact lens for computing machine use, bad workstation set up and lifestyle wonts like smoke, deficiency of slumber. The worker ‘s carpus should be at a heterosexual, natural place when typewriting, avoid flexing up or down or to either side. The keyboard and proctor should be centered in forepart of the worker ‘s organic structure. Maintain an vertical place when seated, thighs should be kept horizontal with articulatio genuss and hips at the same degree and throughout working your forearms should be degree or tilted up somewhat. To help in cut downing the emphasis on your carpuss and place a wrist remainder should be used, with the custodies and carpuss kept above it. Ensure that interruptions are taken by resting the heels or thenars of the custodies alternatively of the carpus. At the side of the keyboard the mouse should be kept in an easy accessible place. The carpus should be in a natural and comfy location whilst utilizing the mouse. Tools or objects that are used for work should be kept within easy range to avoid over stretching. To avoid this base up and make for needful points that can non be accessed whilst seated. There are measurement specifications for the desk which is at least 19 inches deep, 30 inches broad and based on the workers height up to thirty four inches high. Do non hive away any points under the desk so that the legs, articulatio genuss and thighs are clear. Some chairs are excessively high and pess do non make the flat on the floor, contemplate the usage of a pes remainder. Set up work station so that one does non hold to make over their shoulder. Encourage workers to change their work undertakings. Ensure that workers take interruptions from their work to alleviate oculus strain and weariness. Provide holders for paperss to ease easiness of responsibilities public presentation. The worker should seek to avoid feeling stressed when utilizing computing machines particularly when their occupation demands do non fit their computing machine user ‘s cognition, resources and abilities. If these conditions and other more elaborate guidelines are non followed so assorted wellness jobs can happen. Harmonizing to Bellinger ( 2001 ) the following tabular array contains these wellness jobs with their preventive steps. Disorder ( Body Part Affected ) Description Symptoms Lending Factors Normally Recommended Preventive Measures Bursitis ( Joints ) Swelling or annoyance of the fluid filled sac beneath the sinews ( Bursa ) . Pain and stiffness exacerbated by motion. Injury or overexploitation during work. Often occurs in persons, who are ill conditioned, have bad position, or utilize the affected limb in an awkward position. Reduce or avoid the activity that caused the issue. Use proper placement during the activity to forestall reoccurrence. Bursitis – Shoulder ( Shoulder/Upper Arm ) Swelling of one of the Bursa, located in the shoulder between the sinews and the caput of the humerus bone. Pain and stiffness aggravated by motion. Injury or overexploitation during work or drama. Often occurs in persons, who are ill conditioned, have bad position, or utilize the affected limb in an awkward position. Reduce or avoid the activity that caused the issue. Use proper placement during the activity to forestall reoccurrence. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ( Hand/Wrist ) Compaction of the average nervus in the carpal tunnel of the carpus. Numbness, prickling, and hurting in the carpus, pollex, index, center and pealing fingers – non the small finger. Early symptoms frequently wake people in the center of the dark. May besides include swelling, failing or awkwardness in the manus. Arm lift, adduction, and rotary motion. Reduce work done above shoulder degree. Computer Vision Syndrome ( Eyes ) Eye and vision jobs related to near work, experienced during or related to computing machine usage. Eyestrain, blurred near or distant vision, concern, dry or annoyed eyes, cervix or back achings, light sensitiveness, or dual vision. Rapid, frequently repeated finger motions, inordinate carpus divergences, inordinate or repeated forceful pinching and grasping. Swelling from next jobs may besides worsen or convey on carpal tunnel syndrome. Reduce or extinguish insistent work, wrist divergences, and forceful pinching and grasping. Avoiding or cut downing the activity that is doing the symptoms frequently alleviates symptoms in mild instances. Cubital Tunnel Syndrome ( Elbow/Ring and Little Fingers ) Compaction of the ulnar nervus below the notch of the cubitus. Often occurs in combination with median epicondylitis. Numbness, prickling and hurting in the ring and small fingers. May include awkwardness and failing in the manus. Besides frequently consequences in elbow hurting on the interior of the arm. Resting the cubitus on difficult surfaces or crisp borders, inordinate flexure of the cubitus making tenseness on the nervus. Avoid or cut down contact stressors or drawn-out force per unit area on the nervus. Avoid direct injury to the nervus. DeQuervain ‘s Disease/ Tenosynovitis ( Wrist and Forearm ) Irritation of the sinews on the side of the carpus which moves the pollex, and at the base of pollex. Pain and swelling on the side of the carpus and forearm merely above the pollex. Combined forceful gripping and manus distortion. Reduce force to custodies. Keep custodies in impersonal positions. Dry Eye Syndrome ( Eyes ) The diminution in the quality or measure of cryings that bathe the oculus. Dry, ruddy, or annoyed eyes, contact lens uncomfortableness, or inordinate physiological reaction lacrimation. Decreased wink rate. High regard angle. Dry office environment. Take a interruption every 30 proceedingss and look 30 pess off for 30 seconds. Epicondylitis Medial Epicondylitis ( Golfer ‘s Elbow ) Lateral Epicondylitis ( Tennis Elbow ) Irritation or redness of the bumps ( epicondyles ) on either the exterior or interior of the cubitus or environing tissues. Medial is on the interior of cubitus and sidelong on the exterior of the cubitus. Tenderness and hurting at the affected site. May besides include hurting in the forearm musculuss. Unaccustomed strenuous activity or inordinate emphasis of the forearm musculuss or sinews that bend or straighten the carpus and manus. Reduce or avoid activities that require usage of the flexor musculuss in a bending gesture or hold oning with the manus. Lumbosacral Strain/ Sprain ( Spine ) Abnormal divergences of alliance that cause compaction to the bony constructions and tenseness on musculuss and ligaments. Low back hurting and possible hurting in the legs. Faulty alliance, standing for long periods, unguarded forward bending, sudden forceful motion. Besides hapless conditioning, improper usage, fleshiness, and smoke. Reduce inactive burden, transporting, manual stuff handling, and hapless back positions. When lifting, usage right lifting and traveling techniques and acquire aid if an object is excessively heavy or an awkward size or form. Sciatica ( Lower Back/ Legs ) Pain along the class of the sciatic nervus, which runs from the lower back down the dorsum of the legs. Trouble extends down the posterior thigh and lower leg to the sole of the pes and along the sidelong facet of the lower leg to the back of the pes. Pressure on one or more of the nervus roots lending to the sciatic nervus. Mechanical factor of compaction or tenseness. Pain frequently occurs following an unusual motion or effort that causes a tear in one or more of the intervertebral phonograph record. Reduce or avoid manual stuff handling. Avoid lifting and distortion at the same clip. Avoid sitting in a slouched position. Tendinitis ( Joints ) Inflammation or annoyance of a sinew. Tendons attach musculuss to castanetss. Occurs most frequently in the flexor and extensor sinews of the fingers, pollex, forearm, cubitus, or shoulder. Symptoms can run from specific hurting, stiffness, stringency, and firing esthesiss to a deep, nonspecific hurting. Grasp can be impaired. Injury or overexploitation during work or drama. Often occurs in persons, who are ill conditioned, have bad position, or utilize the affected limb in an awkward position. Reduce or avoid the activity that caused the issue. Use proper placement during the activity to forestall reoccurrence. Tendinitis ( Elbow ) Elbow sinew redness. See tendinitis. Insistent forceful efforts of forearm, rotary motions around elbow joint. Reduce manus fasteners. Tendinitis ( Wrist ) Inflammation and thickener of the sinews in the carpus. See tendinitis. Forceful ulnar divergence and thumb force per unit area, insistent carpus gesture, forceful carpus extension, and pronation. Reduce repeats, hapless positions, and forceful gestures. Tension Neck Syndrome ( Neck ) Irritation of the levator shoulder blade and trapezium, all musculuss of the cervix. Causes tightening of the musculuss in the cervix. Neck stiffness every bit good as concerns. Concerns are frequently described as a force per unit area esthesis around the caput. Pain may construct and escalate at the terminal of twenty-four hours. Lateral, inactive motion of the caput and cervix – flexure or extension of the cervix. Ensure proper cervix positions, correct working highs, and adjust ocular cues. Tendinitis ( Elbow ) Elbow sinew redness. See tendinitis. Insistent forceful efforts of forearm, rotary motions around elbow joint. Reduce manus fasteners. Implementing biotechnologies into the workplace is to a company ‘s addition, it is good concern as it assists in maximising the staff ‘s potency. Not merely must direction see the demand for biotechnologies but staff must be sensitized to these preventive steps. Workers excessively must cognize what biotechnologies wholly entails and appreciate its values in the workplace. This sensitisation can happen through assorted educational preparations steps like workshops, in-services and classs. Throughout this study it has been shown how critical biotechnologies is and the wellness jobs associated to same if these preventive steps are non complied with.

Stiochiometry of a Precipitaiton Reaction Essays

Stiochiometry of a Precipitaiton Reaction Essays Stiochiometry of a Precipitaiton Reaction Essay Stiochiometry of a Precipitaiton Reaction Essay Abstract: The objective of this lab is to calculate the theoretical, actual, and percent yield of the product from a precipitation reaction. It is also to learn concepts of solubility and the formation of a precipitate. The Experiment and Observation: Weigh out your 1. 0g of CaCl2-2H20 and put it into the 100mL beaker, add your 25mL of distilled water and stir to form the calcium chloride solution. Next, use stoichiometry to determine how much Na2CO3 and put it into a small paper cup. Then add the 25mL of distilled water to make the sodium carbonate solution. Mix the two solutions in the beaker and a precipitate of calcium carbonate will form instantly. Next, set up your filtration assembly. After the filtration assembly is ready, swirl the contents of the beaker to dislodge any precipitate from the sides. Then, pour the content of the beaker into the filter paper-lined funnel carefully. Afterwards you will need to measure out 2 to 5mL of distilled water into a graduated cylinder. Pour it down the sides of the beaker, swirl, and pour into the filter paper-lined funnel. Once all the liquid has drained from the funnel, lay the filter paper containing the precipitate on folded layers of paper towels and set it somewhere to air-dry. Once the filter paper and the precipitated calcium carbonate are completely dry, weigh them, subtract the original weight of the empty filter paper, and record the net weight of the calcium carbonate. That is your actual yield of calcium carbonate. Then, you can calculate the percent yield, using your theoretical yield and actual yield. Be sure to clean up properly, rinse any remaining chemicals down the sink and throw paper cups and towels in the garbage. Clean and dry all equipment you used. The following results will be observed: 1g CaCl*2H? O*(1moleCaCl? *2H? O/147g CaCl*2H? O)*(1mol Na? CO? /1mol CaCl? *2H? O)*160g Na? CO? /1mo lNa? CO? = 1g of CaCl? *2H? O and . 72 Na? CO? Which will provide a Ca CO? Theoretical yield as : 1 g CaCl22H2O x 1 mole CaCl22H2O x 1 mol CaC03 x 100 g CaC03 =. 68 g CaCO? 147 g CaCl22H2O 1 mol CaCl22H2O 1 mol CaC03 Then double check our work: 0. 72 g Na2C03 x 1 mol Na2C03 x 1 mol CaC03 x 100 g CaC03 =. 68g CaCO? 106 g Na2C03 1 mol Na2C03 1 mol CaC03 Questions A. From your balanced equation what is the theoretical yield of your product? o. 68 g CaCO? B. According to your data table, what is the actual yield of the product? .7G C. What is the percent yield? 97% D. A perfect percent yield would be 100%. Based on your results, comment on your degree of accuracy and suggest possible sources of error. The results were off by 3% It could be from the weight to a slight change in the amount of solution. As an example some of the solution could have spilled during measuring and weighing. E. How could these errors be reduced in the future? The errors could be reduced by watching the product more closely and ensuring the scale is accurate prior to use. F. Part A- 1g CaCl? *1mol CaCl? =. 00901 mols 110. 984 .00901*110. 984/1=. 999 g CaCl? First we convert grams into mols. Then we calculate the mols into grams based on the mass of the product. Part B- . 00042 excess reagent in still remaining in solution G. The limiting reactiant is salicylic acid. The theoretical yield is . 113moles. The percent yield is 88. 9 %

Francis Ford Copplas

Among the many of Francis Ford Copplas achievements in The Godfather, is the way he characterized the individuals in the movie. Each had an aspect about him or her that was special and memorable. He accomplished this in many ways including but not limited to: camera shots, how the characters dressed, how they talked, and what they did. The following is three example of how he characterized and depicted the roles in the movie. Though one may not realize it at first or maybe even the second time they watch the movie, but the most taboo and different character is Kay Adams Corleone. We first meet her at the wedding of Connie, Michaels sister, and Carlo Rizzi. She is fair skinned with honey-blonde hair as opposed to the other darker, olive-skinned Italian guests. Immediately, this sets her apart from the others as an innocent, a ray of sunshine in the middle of chaos. She is dressed in a bright cheery red summer dress with a wide-brimmed hat, looking much like a Sunday schoo! l teacher would. Her voice is very soft; almost kitten like, in contrast, for example, of Connies loud and brash voice. Coppla uses these things to distinguish her from the members of the family. Another scene in which we see her set apart from the rest is when she comes to the Corleone house after Michael has killed Sollozzo and McCluskey. Tom Hagan rushes out to her and kind of turns her away from the house, as if he is shielding her from whatever may be inside. Only when she directly asks to use the phone to call a cab, does he relent and reluctantly allow her entrance. There are many other instances when we see her innocence and naivet; when she accepts Michaels negative answer to Connies accusations of murder, when she thinks that politicians would never do anything immoral, and even when she accepts Michaels marriage proposal. I never though you were a bad consigliore, Tom. I thought S...

Conflict in Egypt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Conflict in Egypt - Essay Example But there has to be an event with a potential to spark the revolution. In case of Egypt, it was the alighting of a man in front of parliament building in Cairo on 17 January, 2011 to register his protest against the untold pains that the economic conditions have caused him. (Jones, 2011) The incident caused to set dividing line between the oppressed and the oppressor and thus had set the stage for the first stage of conflict life cycle, the beginning. As a natural outcome of this incident two sides; the Egyptian government and the public takes their definite sides. As the time elapsed the government and public stances appeared to have two obvious stands points around which the opinions began to emerge and the divide began to take clear boundaries. Majority of people have a clear mindset on the issue and they have no confusion on the logic of their stance. The protesters were beefed up with masses from every walk of life neglecting their mutual differences in social values and religio us thoughts. â€Å"They were students and professionals, men and women, members of both the elite and the working class, standing side by side, and standing together out of concern for their country's future.† (Editorial, 2011). ... The protestors were peaceful right from the beginning of the conflict and successfully displayed their rationale and resolution behind the protest. However, the Egyptian government had tried nothing new but the tools and tricks what a dictator regime often has to employ. The nonviolent protestor began to formulate their demands as the government fails to reconcile in the early stages of the conflict. This was mainly due to a tyrant approach to such conflicts and the suppression and oppression could only add fuel to the fire. The public anger began to rise as the government failed pay heed to public concerns in a befitting manner. The situation clearly outlines the next stage of the conflict where conflict are grown into mature stages and some violence marks the stanch behaviors of parties involved in the conflict. The PPU identifies the situation as, â€Å"Each side increases its demands, and its sense of grievance swells. Each side looks for allies from outside the conflict area, f or moral and physical support. Acts of violence begin.† (PPU, 2011). The killing of the protestors by government allies further complicated the conflict and the blood injected firm determination among the protester gather around the historic Tahrir Square to liberate their country from the Husni Mubarak regime. The violence introduced by the government allies further aggravated the situation and created the deadlock required to translate such conflicts into a successful revolution. The activists chanted popular slogans "We do not want Shafik any more, even if they shoot us with bullets, revolution until victory, revolution against Shafik and the palace.† (Sherwood & Tom, 2011). The whole Egypt went on warlike situation after this and riots spread all over the

The failure of the implementation of Queensland health's payroll Assignment

The failure of the implementation of Queensland health's payroll system - Assignment Example Queensland Health used a centralized payroll system whereby the districts that the system covers are linked to a local payroll service provider. In this system, the payroll officers solely handle all the pay information without involving district staff (QHPSCI, 2013). This makes the whole operating system vague. Healthcare organizations face several challenges that are unique to the healthcare sector. This paper uses the Queensland Health payroll system failure case to discuss significant government roles in the process of delivering successful project outcomes. We also analyze the pros and cons of two organizational structures (centralized and decentralized), with reference to the healthcare sector, successful business management and continuity. Additionally, an outline of the challenges in healthcare management practice as a result of the complex nature of healthcare organizations compared to other sectors is provided, with reference to the Queensland Health payroll system failure case. Finally, we discuss the short-term and long-term impact of IT implementation failure. The failure of payroll system at Queensland Health brought both short term and long term effect to the government. The government has incurred severe losses in the processes of repairing the errors created by the defective system. Moreover, the workers of Queensland Health were greatly affected by inaccurate pay outcomes during the two years when the system was under implementation (QHPSCI, 2013). Queensland Health is currently in the process of re-implementing the system, and anticipates that the long term consequences of failure in the payroll system will be reversed eventually (QHPSCI, 2013). Importance of Governance Governance refers to the roles and responsibilities of an organization’s executive management and board of directors. It is an important area of enterprise management and comprises the leadership and organizational structures and processes that guarantee that the organi zation maintains and extends its goals and strategies. Governance determines how an organization manages demand and delivers value while protecting against risk. Due to the large number of individuals, processes, and technologies involved in the operation of IT and the broad nature of governance, managers may find it challenging to identify the areas that require more focus and effort in order to achieve the utmost impact. Organizations without efficient governance experience greater risk exposure, low performance, and arbitrary, political or inappropriate allocation of resources. Effective governance of a system reduces the risk of failure and ensures superior project outcomes. Governance also eliminates conflicts among individuals in an organization by specifying their roles, legal obligations and responsibilities. It ensures the successful implementation of projects by enforcing responsibility, justice, legality, direction and transparency. Organizations that pursue an enhanced a pproach to governance exhibit better performance. This improvement results from both the governance and how the public perceives this governance (VandenBerghe & Ridder, 1999). Moreover, governance protects the reputation of an organization and ensures that it meets the demands of clients, regulatory bodies, legislators, employees and other crucial stakeholders. Governance drives value and manages